TOEFL Vocabulary — Group 18

To waste money, time, or an opportunity carelessly.

Very obvious, harsh, or severe, often used to describe a sharp contrast.

To state clearly and firmly that something must be done as part of an agreement.

Strict and rigorously enforced, leaving little room for exception.

To provide evidence or proof that supports a claim.

To stop resisting and give in to something, such as pressure, temptation, or illness.

More than what is needed, to the point of being unnecessary or excessive.

Understood or agreed upon without being directly stated in words.

A tenable position is one solid and well-supported enough to withstand serious challenge or criticism.

A core belief or principle that a person or group holds to be true.

To prevent someone from succeeding in a plan or action.

To experience or go through something, especially a difficult or important process.

To commit to and begin a task, especially one that requires significant effort.

To investigate or undo something complicated until it becomes clear, or to fall apart.

To swing back and forth between different opinions or decisions without settling on one.

The group of people leading the way in new ideas, methods, or movements.

A small remaining trace or mark of something that used to exist but has mostly disappeared.

The surrounding area or region near a particular place.

Not legally valid, or completely empty of something.

Open to being harmed, hurt, or attacked, whether physically or emotionally.

A bet, or something risked on an uncertain outcome.

To move unsteadily back and forth, or to become uncertain in a decision or belief.

Playfully unusual or fanciful in a lighthearted, unpredictable way.

To refuse to give or reveal something that someone else wants.

To have a deep, persistent longing or desire for something, often something out of reach.